N. Kawashima
LACEA Dept., Polymer Business Development Div., Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
Shiodome City Center 1-5-2, Higashi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-7117, Japan
1. Role of Bio-based Polymers
Plants grow by using the light of the sun as energy and absorbing the water and carbon dioxide in the air. Polymers derived from plants or biomass, bio-based polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), are the materials which contribute to the curbing of the increase in greenhouse gases and the saving of fossil resources (Figure 1). A turning point is approaching at which the bio-based polymers industry will become a reality.
2. Application Development for Polylactic Acid
PLA is finding an increasing number of applications for packaging/containers area such as film/sheets and straps, agricultural/civil engineering area such as mulch film and nets, and compostable bag. In recent years, efforts are being made to apply PLA to durable goods areas such as electrical appliances, personal computer parts and housing, optical discs and automotive parts. Use of PLA is spreading to textile areas including apparel and carpets.
3. Introduction of the Notion of the “Bio-based Content”
It is essential for an increase in the uses of bio-based polymers to improve their physical properties. To meet requirements in individual applications, PLA is blended with other biodegradable polymers and modifiers. It becomes possible to achieve varied physical properties through a combination of bio-based materials and fossil-based materials. A studying is being made to express the content of the plant-derived ingredients contained in plastics or products in terms of the bio-based content as a measure for assessing a reduction in the environmental load.
4. Issues to be Addressed for the Growth of the Market
Compared with commodity resins that have already been optimized in the course of history of many years, PLA and other bio-based plastics are just newborn resins. There are three major issues for the expansion of the bio-based polymers industry (Figure 2).
論文來源：International Symposium on Biological Polyesters ,Auguest 22-27, 2004
