| 棣栭〉 | 璧勮涓績(jī) | 鍖栧伐鍟嗚錘 | 縐戝鐮旂┒ | 浜т笟鍙戝睍 | 浜烘墠浜ゆ祦 | 浼?xì)灞曚俊鎭?/a> | 瀹炵敤緗戝潃 | 緹よ嫳鑱氶 | 瀛﹁呬粙緇?/a> | 浼?xì)鍛樹(shù)腑蹇?jī) | 璁哄潧 | ||
 | 濉戞枡 | 姍¤兌 | 綰ょ淮 | 娑傛枡涓庢補(bǔ)澧?/a> | 鑳剁矘鍓?/a> | 澶嶅悎鏉愭枡 | 鐭沖寲 | 鍖栧伐 | 浠櫒浠〃 | 鏂頒駭涓?/a> | 涓撻 | 榪斿洖棣栭〉 |
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| 棣栭〉 | 璧勮涓績(jī) | 鍖栧伐鍟嗚錘 | 縐戝鐮旂┒ | 浜т笟鍙戝睍 | 浜烘墠浜ゆ祦 | 浼?xì)灞曚俊鎭?/a> | 瀹炵敤緗戝潃 | 緹よ嫳鑱氶 | 瀛﹁呬粙緇?/a> | 浼?xì)鍛樹(shù)腑蹇?jī) | 璁哄潧 | ||
| 濉戞枡 | 姍¤兌 | 綰ょ淮 | 娑傛枡涓庢補(bǔ)澧?/a> | 鑳剁矘鍓?/a> | 澶嶅悎鏉愭枡 | 鐭沖寲 | 鍖栧伐 | 浠櫒浠〃 | 鏂頒駭涓?/a> | 涓撻 | 榪斿洖棣栭〉 |
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銆銆铏界劧鎴戝浗杞儙琛屼笟澧為熸斁緙擄紝浣嗙爺鍙戝姏搴﹀姞寮猴紝鍒涙柊鎴愭灉娑岀幇錛屾柊鎶鏈佹柊宸ヨ壓銆佹柊浜у搧銆佹柊鏉愭枡鍧囨湁紿佺牬錛岀壒鍒槸鏅鴻兘鍒墮犮佷簰鑱旂綉 錛屾鍦ㄦ笚閫忚涓氾紝涓嶆柇鎻愬崌杞儙琛屼笟鐨勭敓浜ф晥鐜囧拰浜у搧璐ㄩ噺銆?
銆銆浣滀負(fù)涓栫晫杞儙澶у浗錛岃蛋緇胯壊浣庣⒊鍙戝睍涔嬭礬灝嗘垚涓轟腑鍥借疆鑳庤涓氳漿鍨嬪崌綰с佸疄鐜板彲鎸佺畫鍙戝睍鐨勫繀鐒墮夋嫨銆備腑鍥芥鑳跺伐涓氬崗浼?xì)浼?xì)闀塊倱闆呬繍琛ㄧず錛屼紒涓氳紿佺牬浠ュ線鍒墮犮侀攢鍞佹湇鍔＄殑鎬濈淮妯″紡錛屼簡(jiǎn)瑙ｅ厛榪涙妧鏈佸鎵劇獊鐮存妧鏈摱棰堝拰涓撲笟棰嗗煙鎶鏈祫婧愶紝鍚屾椂鍊熷姪鏂扮悊蹇點(diǎn)佹柊鎶鏈佹柊妯″紡錛屼績(jī)榪涜疆鑳庝駭涓氬強(qiáng)杞儙甯?jìng)鍦鸿浆鍨嬪崌珩斻佺豢鑹插彂灞曪紝涓虹粡嫻庡拰紺句細(xì)鐨勫彲鎸佺畫鍙戝睍浣滃嚭縐瀬璐＄尞銆?
銆銆緇胯壊鏂版潗鏂?
銆銆涓虹紦瑙ｆ鑳跺伐涓氬彂灞曢潰涓寸殑璧勬簮涓嶅彲鎸佺畫鍜屾湁鏁堣В鍐抽浘闇懼ぉ姘旓紝鍖椾含鍖栧伐澶у鍏堣繘寮規(guī)т綋鏉愭枡鐮旂┒涓績(jī)寮犵珛緹ゆ暀鎺堣錛岄渶瑕佺敓鐗╁熀鍖栧鍝佲斿寲瀛﹀悎鎴愨旂敓鐗╁熀浣庢粴闃葷豢鑹茶疆鑳庛傜敓鐗╄川寮規(guī)т綋鏉愭枡榛忓脊鎬у湪婀垮湴鍜岄珮娓╂柟闈㈡湁浼樿秺鎬э紝濡傝挷鍏嫳姍¤兌杞儙嫻嬭瘯鑺傛補(bǔ)鎬ц兘鍙揪鍒癇綰с?
銆銆鐩墠鍦ㄤ腑鍥界殑絎簩縐嶅ぉ鐒舵鑳舵湁钂插叕鑻辨鑳躲侀摱鑳惰強(qiáng)姍¤兌鍜屾潨浠叉鑳躲?015騫?鏈?2鏃ワ紝涓浗鐭蟲補(bǔ)鍜屽寲瀛﹀伐涓氳仈鍚堜細(xì)宸茬粡鎵瑰噯鎴愮珛浜?jiǎn)鈥滆挷鍏嫳姍¤兌浜т笟鍒涙柊鎴樼暐鑱旂洘鈥濓紝涓烘垜鍥借挷鍏嫳姍¤兌鐨勪駭涓氬寲榪涚▼濂犲畾浜?jiǎn)鎵庡疄鍩杭媭銆傛箾姹熷熀鍦扮殑寤鴻鍜?.4鍚ㄧ駭鎻愯兌璇曢獙綰跨殑寤鴻涓庢鑳舵彁鍙栨妧鏈潎鎺ㄥ姩浜?jiǎn)鎴戝浗钂插叕鑻眾櫋鑳剁殑搴旂敤銆?
銆銆2011騫翠腑鍥芥潨浠茶兌縐戝鐮旂┒闄㈡垚绔嬶紝娌沖崡鎭掔憺婧愬疄涓氥佹箹鍗楁箻瑗胯佺埞鐢熺墿銆佹箹鍖楄侀緳媧炴潨浠層侀檿瑗跨暐闃沖槈鏈ㄦ潨浠層侀檿瑗垮畨搴風(fēng)鐑ㄧ敓鐗╃浉緇ф姇鍏ュ法璧勫姪鍔涙潨浠茶兌宸ヤ笟鍖栧彂灞曘?
銆銆鍦ㄤ笅涓浠ｈ秴浣庢粴鍔ㄩ樆鍔涙潗鏂欒璁＄悊蹇典笌鎬濊礬涓紝寮犵珛緹ゆ暀鎺堣涓猴紝濉厖浣撶郴鐨刾ayne鏁堝簲涓昏鏉ヨ嚜浜庡～鏂欑綉緇滐紝闇瑕佹帶鍒跺～鏂?濉枡闂磋窛澶т簬浣滅敤鍔涜寖鍥達(dá)紝鍗蟲帶鍒跺潎鍖鍒嗘暎鎬с?
銆銆灞變笢澶у睍綰崇背鏉愭枡鏈夐檺鍏徃鍓葷粡鐞嗛挓鍏夎〃紺猴紝鍒╃敤紕崇撼綾崇(CNT)瀵規(guī)鑳舵媺浼搞佹挄瑁傚己搴﹀拰紓ㄨ楃殑褰卞搷錛屽埗澶囦簡(jiǎn)涓緋誨垪姍¤兌鍒跺搧銆傚姞鍏ョ⒊綰崇背綆＄殑鍗婇挗瀛愬崍鑳庤兘澶熷疄鐜頒綆婊氬姩闃誨姏錛屾洿鑺傛補(bǔ)鐜繚;杞儙鏃犻潤(rùn)鐢?shù)锛屾洿瀹夊?楂橀熸ц兘鏇翠紭寮傦紝琛岄┒閫熷害鏇村揩;鑳庡啝琛ㄩ潰娓╁害澶у箙闄嶄綆錛屽歡榪熻疆鑳庝嬌鐢ㄥ鍛?鑳庨潰鏇存煍闊э紝璐村悎璺潰錛屾姄鍦板姏鏇村己錛屽共鍦板埗鍔ㄨ窛紱繪洿鐭傝孋NT闃葷噧杈撻佸甫鍦ㄥ己搴︺佺（鑰椼侀潤(rùn)鐢點(diǎn)侀樆鐕冪瓑鏂歸潰鍧囪揪鍒扮熆鐢ㄩ樆鐕冭緭閫佸甫瑕嗙洊鑳惰姹傦紝鍚屾椂榪樺彲澶у箙緙╃煭紜寲鏃墮棿錛岃妭綰﹁兘鑰楁彁楂樼敓浜ф晥鐜囥?
銆銆灞變笢閬撴仼楂樺垎瀛愭潗鏂欒偂浠芥湁闄愬叕鍙告誨伐紼嬪笀鐢版椽姹犺錛岄潰瀵逛紶緇熸鑳舵潗鏂欓毦鍥炴敹鐨勭壒寰侊紝TPV搴旂敤浜庢苯杞﹀瘑灝佺郴緇熸椂錛岃兘澶熼檷浣庨噸閲?0%錛屼笖宸ヨ壓綆鍗曪紝鎶曡祫鎴愭湰浣庯紝鑳借椾綆錛屽姵鍔ㄥ姏鎶曞叆浣庯紝搴熷搧鐜囦綆錛屾棤鍠烽湝銆佽愮（灞傝劚钀界瓑椋庨櫓錛屾帴瑙掔粨鍚堢墷鍥轟笉寮瑁傦紝浣嶸OC錛岀幆淇濆彲鍥炴敹銆侭IIR/PA鍨婦VA鑳介檷浣庤儙浣撳唴鍘嬶紝鎻愰珮50%鑰愪箙鎬ц兘錛屽悓鏃墮珮閫熸ц兘涔熷緱鍒版彁楂橈紝杞儙閫熷害綰у埆涔熻幏寰楁彁鍗囥?
銆銆鏅鴻兘鏂版妧鏈?
銆銆杞帶鑲′喚鏈夐檺鍏徃鐗╄仈緗戜簨涓氶儴鍓葷粡鐞嗛檲嫻峰啗璁や負(fù)錛孯FID琚箍娉涘簲鐢ㄤ簬鐗╂祦銆佸埗閫犮佽韓浠借瘑鍒佽祫浜х鐞嗐佹櫤鑳戒氦閫氱瓑錛屽ぇ瀹剁啛鎮(zhèn)夌殑闂ㄧ鍗″拰浜屼唬韜喚璇佸氨鏄鎶鏈殑搴旂敤銆傛湭鏉ワ紝璁╄疆鑳庢嫢鏈夋洿澶氱殑鈥滄櫤鎱р濓紝浜虹被灝嗘洿鍔犲畨鍏紝鈥滄櫤鑳藉寲鈥濆皢鎴愪負(fù)杞儙鍙戝睍鐨勮秼鍔褲俁FID鎶鏈渶瑕佷粠浠ヤ笅4涓柟闈㈢潃鎵嬶紝鍗抽氳繃鍦ㄨ疆鑳庡唴閮ㄥ畨瑁呮俯搴︺佸帇鍔涗紶鎰熷櫒錛屽疄鐜板杞儙鍙傛暟鐨勫疄鏃剁洃鎺?閫氳繃鐗瑰畾鎶鏈疄鐜拌疆鑳庡叏鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡鍘嗗彶鏁版嵁鐨勮拷婧?緇撳悎TPMS緋葷粺錛岃澶囪濺杞芥皵娉靛彲浠ュ湪杞儙嬈犲帇鎶ヨ鏃跺強(qiáng)鏃惰ˉ鍏呭唴鍘嬶紝淇濋殰杞儙瀹夊叏;鍙洃嫻嬭疆鑳庡叾浠栨暟鎹紝濡傝疆鑳庣殑鍙楀姏銆佸彉褰㈢瓑鍔ㄦ佸姏瀛︾姸鍐點(diǎn)?
銆銆鍦ㄨ疆鑳庤嚜涓昏璁℃柟闈紝涓浗杞儙涓氶潰涓存妧鏈疄鍔涗綆銆佸搧鐗岀煡鍚嶅害浣庛佸競(jìng)鍦鴻鍙害浣?緙哄皯鑷姩鍖栧伐鍏鳳紝浜у搧鐮斿彂鍛ㄦ湡闀?緙哄皯鎬ц兘鍒嗘瀽宸ュ叿錛岃疆鑳庢ц兘鏃犳硶淇濊瘉絳夐棶棰樸傜壒鎷?闈掑矝)杞儙鎶鏈湁闄愬叕鍙告葷粡鐞嗘潕綰㈠崼璇達(dá)紝鐗規(guī)嫇鍒╃敤7騫存椂闂翠粠杞儙鍣０嫻嬭瘯銆佹粴闃繪祴璇曘佹箍婊戞祴璇曞紑鍙戜簡(jiǎn)杞儙浜戣璁″鉤鍙幫紝鐩殑鏄埄鐢═TA浜戣綆楁暟鎹腑蹇?jī)锛岄氳繃瀵硅疆鑳庢帓姘存ц兘鍒嗘瀽銆佹粴闃繪ц兘鍒嗘瀽銆佸櫔澹版ц兘鍒嗘瀽銆佽疆鑳庤疆寤撳弬鏁板寲鐢熸垚銆佽疆鑳庤嚜鍔ㄤ笁緇村緩妯°佽疆鑳庤妭璺濊嚜鍔ㄦ帓鍒楃瓑瀹炵幇浼橀夎璁★紝浠庤屾彁楂樿疆鑳庝駭鍝佸紑鍙戞晥鐜囧拰鏂頒駭鍝佺殑鍑嗙‘鐜囷紝涔熷彲瀹炵幇闂?shù)骇鍝佺殑鎬ц兘榪芥函鍙?qiáng)鏂颁骇鍝佺殑鍘熷鏁版嵁绉疮锛屾瀯绛戣疆鑳庝骇鍝佸ぇ鏁版嵁邈^鍙般?
銆銆涓夎杞儙鑲′喚鏈夐檺鍏徃鎶鏈爺鍙戝垱鏂頒笌璐ㄩ噺綆＄悊涓績(jī)鎵ц鍓昏閭撲笘娑涜〃紺猴紝涔樼敤杞﹁疆鑳庣殑鑺辯汗銆佽疆寤撱侀厤鏂圭瓑閮芥湁鐩稿簲鐨勬暟鎹簱錛屾牴鎹競(jìng)鍦洪渶姹傝瘎瀹″悗榪涜鍚勬柟闈㈢殑緇勫悎璁捐錛岀劧鍚庤繘琛岃皟鏍★紝鏈緇堣揪鍒拌璁＄洰鏍囥傝岃疆鑳庡紑鍙戞暟鎹簱鐨勫緩绔嬩負(fù)杞儙璋冩牎鏂規(guī)鐨勫埗瀹氭彁渚涗簡(jiǎn)鎹峰緞錛屽茍灝嗘垚涓鴻疆鑳庤璁″彂灞曠殑涓繪祦銆?
銆銆鍖椾含鍖栧伐澶у鏉ㄥ崼姘戞暀鎺堝湪銆婅蔣鐗╄川鍏堣繘鎴愬瀷涓庡脊鎬т綋3D鎵撳嵃銆嬬殑婕旇涓粙緇嶄簡(jiǎn)涓縐嶆憾浣撳井鍒嗕笁緇存墦鍗版満錛岃繖縐嶆憾浣撳井縐垎綰崇背鍙犲眰澶嶅悎涓嬈℃敞灝勬垚鍨嬫彁楂樹(shù)簡(jiǎn)PVC寮哄害錛屼負(fù)鏈潵杞綋鏈哄櫒浜烘繁鍏ョ爺絀舵彁渚涗簡(jiǎn)鍊熼壌鍜屾柟鍚戙?
銆銆浼婂＋鏇煎寲宸ュ叕鍙歌疆鑳庢坊鍔犲墏涓氬姟棣栧腑縐戝瀹禙rederick Ignatz-Hoover鎸囧嚭錛孋T鎶鏈兘澶熷揩閫熸敹闆嗘暟鎹茍鑳借瀵熷ぇ鍧楀洟鑱氫綋銆佹媺浼告祴璇曘佹牎鍑嗗拰鑰佸寲澶氬皯鐨勫姣旂巼錛屼粠鑰屽垽鏂垵濮嬭綰瑰昂瀵鎬腑姍¤兌鏄惁緇撴櫠鍜岀櫧鐐粦鍒嗘暎搴﹀涓嶅悓浜у搧鐨勫獎(jiǎng)鍝嶃?
銆銆鏅埄鍙擱氱爺鍙戦儴Ashoke Karmoker璇達(dá)紝鍦ㄥ熀紜璁炬柦寤鴻濡傞珮閫熷叕璺緩璁句腑錛屽埄鐢ㄩ粡鍦熸鑳剁殑璁板繂鏁堟灉錛屽簲鐢ㄦ按娉ヤ腑鍔犲叆搴熸棫杞儙姍¤兌棰楃矑褰㈡垚鐨勫叡娣風(fēng)墿鑳藉閬垮厤鍑虹幇姘存償澶勭悊鍚庣殑瑁傜汗錛屼粠鑰屾彁楂橀亾璺嬌鐢ㄥ鍛姐傛棩鏈寳嫻烽亾鍖楅儴鐨勯毀閬撻珮閫熷叕璺簲鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)涔樼敤杞﹀簾杞儙紕庣墖浠ｆ浛紕庣煶錛岀窘鐢版満鍦轟篃搴旂敤浜?0鍚ㄥ簾鏃ц疆鑳庣敓鎴愮殑棰楃矑錛屽茍涓旈噰鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)鏂扮殑鍖呰閰嶉併傝屽湪涓磋繎嫻鋒咕鍦板尯鐨勫熀紜寤鴻涓姞鍏ュ叡娣風(fēng)墿褰㈡垚鍩虹瀵嗗皝錛岄伩鍏嶅嚭鐜板湴闇囨椂搴熺墿澶栨硠錛屼粠鑰屽嫻鋒磱鏁翠綋鐜浜х敓璐熼潰褰卞搷銆?
銆銆鏍囧噯瑙勮寖
銆銆浜у搧瑙勮寖鍖栨帹騫塊渶瑕佹爣鍑嗗厛琛屻備腑鍥芥鑳跺伐涓氬崗浼?xì)鍦ńW簩灞娾滅豢鑹茶疆鑳庡畨鍏ㄥ懆鈥濈殑媧誨姩涓婂叕寮鍙戝竷銆婅疆鑳庡垎綰ф爣鍑嗐嬨併婅疆鑳庢爣絳劇鐞嗚瀹氥嬪拰涓浗姍¤兌宸ヤ笟鍗忎細(xì)杞儙鏍囩寮忔牱錛屼嬌涓浗杞儙鍒嗙駭姝ｅ紡榪涘叆鑷効瀹炴柦闃舵銆?
銆銆2016騫?鏈?鏃FID鏍囧噯涔熸寮忓疄鏂姐傝鏍囧噯浠庝駭鍝併佽瘯楠屻佹鍏ユ柟娉曞強(qiáng)緙栫爜鏂規(guī)硶4涓柟闈㈡弿榪癛FID鐢?shù)瀛愭爣绛惧湪杞儙鋴社敤涓殑瑙勮寖鎬ч棶棰橈紝淇濊瘉杞儙鐨勫畨鍏ㄣ佹爣絳劇殑鍙潬鎬у強(qiáng)鎬ц兘銆佽涓氫嬌鐢ㄨ鑼冩х瓑銆?
銆銆鍗楀痙璁よ瘉媯(gè)嫻?涓浗)鏈夐檺鍏徃鍖椾含鍒嗗叕鍙鎬腑鍥藉尯杞儙嫻嬭瘯涓氬姟緇忕悊閮戜紵璇達(dá)紝嬈ф床浜鴻喘涔拌疆鑳庢椂澶у鍙傝冭濺璇勬潅蹇楀垔鐧葷殑嫻嬭瘯緇撴灉錛屾帓鍚嶄腑絳夋垨鑰呬腑涓婄瓑鐨勮疆鑳庡垯鏈夊彲鑳芥垚涓鴻喘涔拌呯殑浼橀変駭鍝併傛潅蹇楀湪緇煎悎璇勪環(huán)鐨勫悓鏃惰兘澶熷浜у搧鏈夎姳綰廣佸搧鐗屻佸共婀垮湴琛ㄧ幇絳夋祴璇曡繘琛屾墦鍒嗭紝杞儙鐢熶駭浼佷笟鍙互閫氳繃榪欎簺嫻嬭瘯鎵撳垎浜?jiǎn)瑙ｄ骇鍝佹湭鏉ョ殑涓婂崌绌洪棿銆?
銆銆璇鴻杞儙鍟嗚錘(涓婃搗)鏈夐檺鍏徃鎶鏈富綆￠粍闈掑摬璁や負(fù)錛屽湪紜繚瀹炵敤鎬х殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鍒跺畾鍑洪珮鐨勮涓氭爣鍑嗭紝榪欏浜庝腑鍥戒箖鑷沖叾浠栧浗瀹剁殑鐗圭杞儙鐢熶駭涓庡埗閫犳按騫崇殑鎻愰珮閮芥湁鐩婂銆傝屽緩绔嬩竴涓畬鍠勭殑琛屼笟鏍囧噯瀵硅疆鑳庡伐涓氭潵璇存湁鐫縐瀬鐨勬帹鍔ㄤ綔鐢ㄣ備腑鍥界幇鍦ㄦ瀹炴柦杞儙鍒嗙駭鑷効璐存爣絳撅紝搴旇鍦ㄥ紑濮嬪氨閽堝鐗規(guī)畩杞儙鐨勬ц兘鍋氬嚭鏍囩ず錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)鍐杞儙鐨勫啺鍦頒笌闆湴鎬ц兘銆?