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������1����������l���Ե�ϵ�y���������й��̼��g�о���Engineering of system-level autonomy with bio-inspired attributes��

- Biological systems process comprehensive, spatially distributed information with much greater efficiencies than currently can be realized using multiple discrete state inputs and state controllers.

- Next generation of engineering systems are envisioned that are autonomous, cognitive and have capabilities of self-sensing, self-monitoring, self-healing, self-renewing and self-generating.

������2�������������к�푑��C�Ƶ������в����о���Creation of biology inspired new materials for biosensing and response mechanisms��

- Bio-inspired multifunctional materials with distributed sensing and control capabilities could have great use in, for example, next-generation artificial skins for sustainable buildings (e.g. a breathable building skin), and intelligent mechanical systems.

- Creation of extremely durable, highly ductile, self healing materials needed to develop next generation structural fuse components for earthquake-tolerant bridge concepts might be achieved through cross-disciplinary research in bioinspired technologies.

- Multifunctional nanomaterials with predefined physical, chemical or biological detection characteristics are required for advanced biosensing applications.

������3�������������к͂���΢�{�������о� ��Development bio-inspired micro- and nano-scale sensing and transduction components��

- Biological systems sense and react to their environment with great speed.

- Transduction process within cells, and/or the reactions triggered by input to tactile sensors, auditory systems or visual stimuli can be used to guide design of micro- and nano-scale systems that incorporate both sensors and actuation/reaction components.

- New micro- and nano-scale sensing and actuation technologies that are based on cellular or biological system transduction should feature small size, low power demand, improved functionality and enhanced reliability compared to current state of the art transducers.

- Fundamental understanding and study of bio-macromolecules (proteins, peptides, etc.) confinement and orientation at the micro- and nano-interfaces is crucial for high-throughput biosensing development and applications.