16. "Various crystalline morphology of poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) in its miscible blends with poly(vinylidene fluoride)". Qiu Z, Yan C, Lu J, Yang W, Ikehara T, Nishi T. Journal of Physical Chemistry B Volume 111, Issue 11, 22 March 2007, Pages 2783-2789.
Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) are crystalline/crystalline polymer blends with PVDF being the high-Tm component and PBSA being the low-Tm component, respectively. PVDF/PBSA blends are miscible as shown by the decrease of crystallization peak temperature and melting point temperature of each component with increasing the other component content and the homogeneous melt. The low-Tm component PBSA presents various confined crystalline morphologies due to the presence of the high-Tm component PVDF crystals by changing blend composition and crystallization conditions in the blends. There are mainly three different types of crystalline morphologies for PBSA in its miscible blends with PVDF. First, crystallization of PBSA commenced in the interspherulitic regions of the PVDF spherulites and continued to develop inside them in the case of PVDF-rich blends under two-step crystallization conditions. Second, PBSA spherulites appeared first in the left space after the complete crystallization of PVDF, contacted and penetrated the PVDF spherulites by forming interpenetrated spherulites in the case of PVDF-poor blends under two-step crystallization condition. Third, PBSA spherulites nucleated and continued to grow inside the PVDF spherulites that had already filled the whole space during the quenching process in the case of PBSA-rich blends under one-step crystallization condition. The conditions of forming the various crystalline morphologies were discussed. © 2007 American Chemical Society.